Phase 2: Implement Execution Environment Abstraction (v0.3.0)

This commit implements Phase 2 of the CHORUS Task Execution Engine development plan,
providing a comprehensive execution environment abstraction layer with Docker
container sandboxing support.

## New Features

### Core Sandbox Interface
- Comprehensive ExecutionSandbox interface with isolated task execution
- Support for command execution, file I/O, environment management
- Resource usage monitoring and sandbox lifecycle management
- Standardized error handling with SandboxError types and categories

### Docker Container Sandbox Implementation
- Full Docker API integration with secure container creation
- Transparent repository mounting with configurable read/write access
- Advanced security policies with capability dropping and privilege controls
- Comprehensive resource limits (CPU, memory, disk, processes, file handles)
- Support for tmpfs mounts, masked paths, and read-only bind mounts
- Container lifecycle management with proper cleanup and health monitoring

### Security & Resource Management
- Configurable security policies with SELinux, AppArmor, and Seccomp support
- Fine-grained capability management with secure defaults
- Network isolation options with configurable DNS and proxy settings
- Resource monitoring with real-time CPU, memory, and network usage tracking
- Comprehensive ulimits configuration for process and file handle limits

### Repository Integration
- Seamless repository mounting from local paths to container workspaces
- Git configuration support with user credentials and global settings
- File inclusion/exclusion patterns for selective repository access
- Configurable permissions and ownership for mounted repositories

### Testing Infrastructure
- Comprehensive test suite with 60+ test cases covering all functionality
- Docker integration tests with Alpine Linux containers (skipped in short mode)
- Mock sandbox implementation for unit testing without Docker dependencies
- Security policy validation tests with read-only filesystem enforcement
- Resource usage monitoring and cleanup verification tests

## Technical Details

### Dependencies Added
- github.com/docker/docker v28.4.0+incompatible - Docker API client
- github.com/docker/go-connections v0.6.0 - Docker connection utilities
- github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 - Docker units and formatting
- Associated Docker API dependencies for complete container management

### Architecture
- Interface-driven design enabling multiple sandbox implementations
- Comprehensive configuration structures for all sandbox aspects
- Resource usage tracking with detailed metrics collection
- Error handling with retryable error classification
- Proper cleanup and resource management throughout sandbox lifecycle

### Compatibility
- Maintains backward compatibility with existing CHORUS architecture
- Designed for future integration with Phase 3 Core Task Execution Engine
- Extensible design supporting additional sandbox implementations (VM, process)

This Phase 2 implementation provides the foundation for secure, isolated task
execution that will be integrated with the AI model providers from Phase 1
in the upcoming Phase 3 development.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

vendor/go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk/limit.go

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package sdk
+
+import (
+	"log/slog"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+// maxSpan are the span limits resolved during startup.
+var maxSpan = newSpanLimits()
+
+type spanLimits struct {
+	// Attrs is the number of allowed attributes for a span.
+	//
+	// This is resolved from the environment variable value for the
+	// OTEL_SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT key if it exists. Otherwise, the
+	// environment variable value for OTEL_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT, or 128 if
+	// that is not set, is used.
+	Attrs int
+	// AttrValueLen is the maximum attribute value length allowed for a span.
+	//
+	// This is resolved from the environment variable value for the
+	// OTEL_SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_LENGTH_LIMIT key if it exists. Otherwise, the
+	// environment variable value for OTEL_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_LENGTH_LIMIT, or -1
+	// if that is not set, is used.
+	AttrValueLen int
+	// Events is the number of allowed events for a span.
+	//
+	// This is resolved from the environment variable value for the
+	// OTEL_SPAN_EVENT_COUNT_LIMIT key, or 128 is used if that is not set.
+	Events int
+	// EventAttrs is the number of allowed attributes for a span event.
+	//
+	// The is resolved from the environment variable value for the
+	// OTEL_EVENT_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT key, or 128 is used if that is not set.
+	EventAttrs int
+	// Links is the number of allowed Links for a span.
+	//
+	// This is resolved from the environment variable value for the
+	// OTEL_SPAN_LINK_COUNT_LIMIT, or 128 is used if that is not set.
+	Links int
+	// LinkAttrs is the number of allowed attributes for a span link.
+	//
+	// This is resolved from the environment variable value for the
+	// OTEL_LINK_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT, or 128 is used if that is not set.
+	LinkAttrs int
+}
+
+func newSpanLimits() spanLimits {
+	return spanLimits{
+		Attrs: firstEnv(
+			128,
+			"OTEL_SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT",
+			"OTEL_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT",
+		),
+		AttrValueLen: firstEnv(
+			-1, // Unlimited.
+			"OTEL_SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_LENGTH_LIMIT",
+			"OTEL_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_LENGTH_LIMIT",
+		),
+		Events:     firstEnv(128, "OTEL_SPAN_EVENT_COUNT_LIMIT"),
+		EventAttrs: firstEnv(128, "OTEL_EVENT_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT"),
+		Links:      firstEnv(128, "OTEL_SPAN_LINK_COUNT_LIMIT"),
+		LinkAttrs:  firstEnv(128, "OTEL_LINK_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT"),
+	}
+}
+
+// firstEnv returns the parsed integer value of the first matching environment
+// variable from keys. The defaultVal is returned if the value is not an
+// integer or no match is found.
+func firstEnv(defaultVal int, keys ...string) int {
+	for _, key := range keys {
+		strV := os.Getenv(key)
+		if strV == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		v, err := strconv.Atoi(strV)
+		if err == nil {
+			return v
+		}
+		slog.Warn(
+			"invalid limit environment variable",
+			"error", err,
+			"key", key,
+			"value", strV,
+		)
+	}
+
+	return defaultVal
+}