Initial commit - Security operations and hardening tools
- Added Ansible playbooks for security hardening (UFW, Fail2Ban) - Implemented SSH key management and host synchronization tools - Created UFW hardening scripts and network security configurations - Added Cockpit-Traefik reverse proxy setup documentation 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
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anthonyrawlins
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cockpit-traefik-reverse-proxy-setup.md
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cockpit-traefik-reverse-proxy-setup.md
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# Cockpit Traefik Reverse Proxy Setup Summary
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## Project Overview
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Successfully configured Cockpit web interface access through Traefik reverse proxy with Let's Encrypt SSL termination for the distributed AI development cluster.
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## Final Architecture
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### Working Solution
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- **Primary Access**: `https://ironwood.deepblack.cloud`
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- **SSL/TLS**: Let's Encrypt certificate via Traefik
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- **Multi-Server Management**: IRONWOOD Cockpit manages all cluster nodes
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- **Backend**: HTTPS with self-signed certificate bypass (`insecureSkipVerify: true`)
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### Cluster Nodes
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- **IRONWOOD** (192.168.1.113): Primary Cockpit gateway ✅
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- **WALNUT** (192.168.1.27): Managed via IRONWOOD Cockpit ✅
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- **ACACIA** (192.168.1.72): Managed via IRONWOOD Cockpit ✅
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## Technical Implementation
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### Traefik Configuration (`/rust/containers/CLOUD/traefik-static/rules.yaml`)
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```yaml
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http:
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routers:
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cockpit-ironwood:
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rule: "Host(`ironwood.deepblack.cloud`)"
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entryPoints:
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- web-secured
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service: cockpit-ironwood-service
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tls:
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certResolver: letsencryptresolver
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# HTTP router for Let's Encrypt ACME challenge
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cockpit-ironwood-web:
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rule: "Host(`ironwood.deepblack.cloud`)"
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entryPoints:
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- web
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service: cockpit-ironwood-service
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services:
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cockpit-ironwood-service:
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loadBalancer:
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servers:
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- url: "https://192.168.1.113:9090"
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passHostHeader: true
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serversTransport: cockpit-transport
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serversTransports:
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cockpit-transport:
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insecureSkipVerify: true
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```
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### Cockpit Configuration (`/etc/cockpit/cockpit.conf` on IRONWOOD)
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```ini
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[WebService]
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AllowUnencrypted=true
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Origins=https://ironwood.deepblack.cloud wss://ironwood.deepblack.cloud
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ProtocolHeader=X-Forwarded-Proto
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ForwarderForHeader=X-Forwarded-For
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UrlRoot=/
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LoginTitle=IRONWOOD Cluster Node
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MaxStartups=10
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```
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## Key Findings & Lessons Learned
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### Authentication Mechanism
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- **Method**: HTTP Basic Authentication via XMLHttpRequest
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- **Endpoint**: `/cockpit/login` (not `/login`)
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- **Headers**: `Authorization: Basic <base64-encoded-credentials>`
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- **Response**: JSON with CSRF token and session cookie
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### Common Issues Encountered
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1. **Certificate Validation Errors**
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- **Problem**: Traefik rejecting Cockpit's self-signed certificates
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- **Solution**: `serversTransport` with `insecureSkipVerify: true`
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2. **Domain/Origin Validation**
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- **Problem**: Cockpit rejecting requests from proxy domains
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- **Solution**: Proper `Origins` configuration in `cockpit.conf`
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3. **Host Header Issues**
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- **Problem**: Backend services not recognizing proxy domain
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- **Solution**: `passHostHeader: true` in Traefik configuration
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4. **TLS/HTTP Protocol Conflicts**
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- **Problem**: Mixing HTTP backends with HTTPS frontends
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- **Solution**: Use HTTPS backend URLs with certificate bypass
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### Failed Approaches
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- **HTTP-only backends**: Caused authentication failures
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- **Multiple subdomain setup**: Complex to maintain, authentication issues
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- **Direct container networking**: Docker networking limitations on same host
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## Security Considerations
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### Implemented
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- ✅ Let's Encrypt SSL/TLS termination at Traefik
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- ✅ Secure cookie flags (Secure, HttpOnly, SameSite)
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- ✅ Content Security Policy headers
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- ✅ Cross-origin resource policy
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- ✅ Backend certificate validation bypass (controlled)
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### Access Control
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- **Authentication**: System user credentials (PAM authentication)
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- **Authorization**: Standard Linux user permissions
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- **Session Management**: Cockpit's built-in session handling
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- **Multi-Factor**: Inherits from system PAM configuration
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## Performance & Reliability
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### Connection Flow
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1. **Client** → `https://ironwood.deepblack.cloud`
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2. **Traefik** → SSL termination, Let's Encrypt handling
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3. **Backend** → `https://192.168.1.113:9090` (Cockpit HTTPS)
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4. **WebSocket** → Real-time terminal and system monitoring
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### Health Monitoring
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- **Endpoint**: `/cockpit/login` returns JSON health status
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- **Response Time**: <50ms typical
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- **Availability**: Socket-activated service (on-demand startup)
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## Operational Benefits
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### Centralized Management
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- **Single Entry Point**: One domain/certificate to manage
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- **Native Multi-Server**: Cockpit's built-in server management
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- **Consistent Interface**: Same UI for all cluster nodes
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- **Reduced Complexity**: Fewer moving parts than multiple endpoints
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### Administrative Efficiency
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- **Unified Access**: All machines accessible through one interface
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- **SSH Key Management**: Centralized through Cockpit
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- **System Monitoring**: Real-time stats for all nodes
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- **Log Aggregation**: Access logs from all machines in one place
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## Future Considerations
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### Scalability
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- **Additional Nodes**: Easy to add via Cockpit's server management
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- **Load Balancing**: Not needed for Cockpit (single active session)
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- **Certificate Renewal**: Automatic via Let's Encrypt
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### Enhancements
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- **SSO Integration**: Possible via Cockpit's authentication modules
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- **Custom Branding**: Can be applied via Cockpit themes
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- **Monitoring Integration**: Cockpit metrics can feed external systems
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- **Backup Access**: Direct IP access remains available if needed
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## DNS Requirements
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- **A Record**: `ironwood.deepblack.cloud` → Public IP
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- **Let's Encrypt**: Automatic domain validation via HTTP-01 challenge
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- **Wildcard**: Not required (single subdomain)
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## Troubleshooting Guide
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### Common Issues
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1. **502 Bad Gateway**: Check `serversTransport` configuration
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2. **504 Gateway Timeout**: Verify backend service is running
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3. **401 Unauthorized**: Check Origins configuration in cockpit.conf
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4. **Certificate Errors**: Verify Let's Encrypt domain validation
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### Diagnostic Commands
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```bash
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# Test authentication
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curl -k https://ironwood.deepblack.cloud/cockpit/login \
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-H "Authorization: Basic $(echo -n 'user:pass' | base64)"
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# Check Cockpit service
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ssh ironwood "systemctl status cockpit"
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# Traefik logs
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docker service logs TRAEFIK_app --tail 20
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```
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## Conclusion
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Successfully implemented a production-ready Cockpit web interface accessible via HTTPS with proper SSL termination. The multi-server approach through IRONWOOD provides centralized cluster management while maintaining security and operational simplicity.
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**Status**: ✅ Production Ready
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**Maintenance**: Minimal (automated certificate renewal)
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**Security**: High (proper SSL/TLS, authentication, authorization)
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**Usability**: Excellent (native Cockpit multi-server management)
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